Fact checkedExpert's opinion

The article is a subjective view on this topic written by writers specializing in medical writing.
It may reflect on a personal journey surrounding struggles with an illness or medical condition, involve product comparisons, diet considerations, or other health-related opinions.

Although the view is entirely that of the writer, it is based on academic experiences and scientific research they have conducted; it is fact-checked by a team of degreed medical experts, and validated by sources attached to the article.

The numbers in parenthesis (1,2,3) will take you to clickable links to related scientific papers.

Crazy-Bulk Reviews 2024: Scam or Legit Supplements?

Mitchelle Morgan

Updated on - Written by
Medically reviewed by Dr G. Michael DiLeo, MD

All articles are produced independently. When you click our links for purchasing products, we earn an affiliate commission. Learn more about how we earn revenue by reading our advertise disclaimer.

crazy bulk reviews

8.0

Quality

9.0

Brand’s Transparency

7.0

Value

Features

  • Promotes lean muscle mass retention
  • Aids in fat-burning
  • Enables better flow of blood and oxygen to muscles
  • Improves testosterone levels in the body

Brand Information

  • Crazy Bulk is a US company
  • It makes safe and legal steroids
  • All products use quality ingredients

Medical Benefits

  • Increase testosterone levels
  • Boosts energy
  • Enhances blood and oxygen flow

About CrazyBulk USA 

CrazyBulk USA is a company that manufactures safe and legal alternatives to anabolic steroids. These supplements cover bulking, cutting, and strength. These are 100% legal steroid alternatives that deliver gains without the adverse effects of steroids.

When using CrazyBulk products, there are no prescriptions or injections necessary. The supplement is in tablet form, and you take 2 per day. CrazyBulk states that you can start noticing changes in 2 months. 

Feature Product & Coupon

CrazyBulk D-bal

CrazyBulk D-bal

  • Suitable for vegetarians
  • Legal dietary supplements
  • Promotes massive muscle gains
  • Products can cause nausea and vomiting
  • Mixed results among users

Top Bulking Supplements

CrazyBulk D-bal

Crazy Bulk D-Bal is a safe-to-use muscle-building supplement. These CrazyBulk USA supplements contain all-natural ingredients and are made in the USA.

  • Suitable for vegetarians
  • Legal dietary supplements
  • Promotes massive muscle gains
  • Simple capsule form
  • 100% natural ingredients
  • It can be combined with other muscle growth products
  • Can cause stomach pain
  • This can lead to diarrhea

D-Bal is an effective bodybuilding supplement considered a legal alternative to anabolic steroids. When you take these CrazyBulk USA supplements, you experience an increase in protein synthesis. Folks can also experience nitrogen retention, increasing muscle gain, energy levels, and sexual health.

These are safe-to-use legal supplements that can also be effective when you want to reduce body fat. They work by stripping body fat while promoting huge muscle gains.

Regarding ingredients, D-Bal contains vitamin D3, Tribulus terrestris, magnesium, ashwagandha extract, MSM, suma root concentrated extract, L-isoleucine, and hyaluronic acid. These all-natural ingredients are crucial for muscle gains and burning stubborn body fat.

Recommended usage of D-Bal supplements is 3 capsules, 45 minutes after workout. Ensure you take them with plenty of water. On days you won’t work out, take 1 capsule with each meal.

Another of the key benefits of D-Bal is an increase in testosterone levels in the body. This is a testosterone booster supplement that you can take for muscle gain and endurance. Tribulus terrestris[1] helps to stimulate the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) that encourages testes to produce testosterone.

HGH X2

HGH-X2 is a natural supplement that plays a role in augmenting human growth hormone (HGH). It’s a key player in muscle gains and burning fat in the body.

  • Promotes lean muscle mass retention
  • Enables you to lose weight
  • Safe and legal to use
  • No artificial sweeteners
  • HGH-X2 improves blood flow
  • Non-vegan bodybuilding supplements
  • Can cause dizziness

CrazyBulk is the brain behind HGH-X2, which you take for increasing lean muscle mass. This safe-to-use supplement, free of the powerful anabolic steroid dianabol, helps you achieve muscle gains. On top of that, this legal and safe steroid alternative helps to reduce chest fat.

It’s made using natural and safe ingredients to help with the growth hormone stack. The ingredients in HGH-X2 are magnesium stearate, maca root, brown rice flour, Mucuna pruriens, L-arginine, and hawthorn berry extract.

Maca root, a primary ingredient, has been around for centuries and is traditionally considered an aphrodisiac that promotes sexual prowess. It works by stimulating the pituitary glands to produce hormones, so while the aphrodisiac properties may be exaggerated, it may impact sperm count and fertility. On top of that, it has antioxidative effects that prevent fatigue during more intense workouts. 

In addition, you’ll find Mucuna pruriens, a bean from India that helps boost testosterone levels[2] and muscle development. It also works as an appetite suppressant, leading to less body fat.

Hawthorne berry extract[3] comes in handy by promoting red blood cell production. As a result, you experience a noticeable improvement in blood flow to lean muscle mass.

L-arginine is responsible for producing more human growth hormone[4] (HGH) in the body. It synthesizes nitric oxide, boosting heart health via improved oxygenation, and leads to more endurance during intense workouts.

Brown rice[5] is another ingredient in HGH-X2, perfect for folks on gluten-free diets. It’s a good source of carbohydrates that promotes levels of fiber, minerals, and vitamins in the body. It’s also good at making you feel full while seeking to lose body fat.

Trenorol

Trenorol is among the best supplements when you read CrazyBulk reviews. It’s ideal when you want to enjoy lean muscle mass gain and reduce overall body fat. It’s a safe and legal way to experience muscle-building supplement without using anabolic steroids.

  • Great alternative to anabolic steroids
  • Helps lower cholesterol levels
  • Boosts the immune system
  • Improves blood flow
  • Helps you gain muscle mass
  • Can only use it for 2 months at a time
  • Expensive CrazyBulk USA supplement

As an organic product, Trenorol CrazyBulk supplements keep you safe from the effects of using steroids, yet this gives you higher energy and endurance levels when working. On top of that, the product aids the body in muscle recovery.

Trenorol is a legal alternative to anabolic steroids whose ingredients list speaks for itself. On it, you can find beta-sitosterol, pepsin, nettle leaf extract, and samento inner bark.

Plants such as saw palmetto, beans, nuts, and seeds have an abundance of beta-sitosterol.[6] Trenorol contains 600g of this key ingredient, whose chemical structure resembles cholesterol. It’s an important ingredient in this testosterone booster for old men and increases lean muscle mass. (All sex hormones are built on the cholesterol molecule.)

Samento inner bark is another ingredient in Trenorol. It’s famously known as “Cat’s Claw” and is a vine that originates from the Amazon forest. The bark of the samento helps boost the immune system and also has anti-inflammatory properties.[7] This comes in handy when recovering from intense workouts.

Another ingredient in this CrazyBulk supplement is nettle leaf extract (“Urtica dioica”). This is a stinging plant[8] with various medicinal benefits. Trenorol contains 300mg of nettle leaf extract, which is a popular ingredient in sports supplements. This also plays a crucial role as an anti-inflammatory, leading to better muscle recovery.

Lastly, Trenorol contains pepsins.[9] This is a type of enzyme found in the stomach that aids in protein synthesis. When you take this dietary supplement, you can boost pepsin levels in the stomach. This leads to better protein breakdown into amino acids for better absorption. These amino acids aid in muscle growth and development.

Testo-Max

CrazyBulk is the bodybuilding supplement company that’s behind Testo-Max. As an all-natural ingredient product, this is a safe and legal steroid alternative that you can add to a healthy diet.

  • Boosts testosterone levels
  • Made using all-natural ingredients
  • Promotes muscle growth
  • Ideal supplement for fat loss
  • Produces better workout results
  • Boosts stamina and energy levels
  • This can lead to digestive complaints, e.g., diarrhea
  • Can cause lightheadedness

According to CrazyBulk reviews, Testo-Max is the answer for fitness enthusiasts when you want to build and retain lean muscle mass. It’s important to seek out safe and legal alternatives, such as Testo-Max, when you want to gain muscles.

This product plays a significant role in boosting testosterone levels in the body. This is possible through its natural ingredients, such as vitamin K1, vitamin D3, vitamin B6, zinc, magnesium, D-aspartic acid, nettle leaf extract, red ginseng powder, fenugreek extract, boron, Bioperine, and magnesium stearate.

Vitamin D3 is what you need when you have low testosterone levels in the body. Taking vitamin D3[10] supplements as part of a healthy diet increases testosterone levels. As a result, you have more stamina and energy when working out.

Vitamin K1 is an important ingredient to have when you’re taking vitamin D3. It helps the body better absorb vitamin D3[11] without nasty side effects. Vitamin B6 has various functions in the body, including maintaining healthy testosterone levels.

If there’s less vitamin B6 in the body, estrogen production[12] may be altered. Therefore, you need vitamin B6 for functional hormone levels.

Magnesium is among the most beneficial nutrients you can take. It plays many vital roles in the body, especially if you participate in bodybuilding. These three[13] can help boost testosterone levels in the body. Zinc also promotes aerobic capacity, which helps to increase oxygen flow to your muscles.

Cutting Supplements

 Anvarol

Anvarol is another example of a CrazyBulk USA supplement, a legal alternative to steroids that you can take as a bodybuilding supplement.

  • Ideal for burning fat
  • Boosts energy levels
  • Helps retain lean muscle
  • Ideal post-workout supplement
  • Promotes muscle growth
  • Only available on the official website
  • Varying results

CrazyBulk reviews feature Anvarol, a product made in the US that promotes ATP[14] (adenosine triphosphate) levels. The body produces ATP naturally, and it is crucial in the cycle of energy production and expenditure. This product is for boosting them.

When you take Anvarol, it boosts the production of phosphocreatine in the body. This compound is functional in regenerating ATP to help maintain high energy levels.

Anvarol contains several crucial ingredients such as soy protein, whey protein, branched-chain amino acids, yam, and ATP.[15]

The soy protein present in Anvarol is among the best sources of protein available. This makes this supplement ideal for vegans who want only plant-based ingredients. The protein comes in handy when you want to build lean muscle mass.

Scientific research[16] shows that taking soy protein helps muscle tissue to grow. At the same time, you burn fat and gain muscle mass.

Whey protein is another ingredient you find in Anvarol. It’s a good source of amino acids that help with muscle gain as you lose weight. Any bodybuilder who wants to burn fat[17] can also benefit from taking this muscle-gain protein powder. Taking whey protein helps your muscles absorb glucose at a rapid rate, giving you ample energy when working out.

Next, there’s yam root. Having whey protein and yam root in the same supplement is a plus. This is because yam root is a huge source of essential minerals and vitamins[18] for the body. Having such a high nutritional content helps you experience increased muscle mass.

In addition, Anvarol has branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). These are critical when it comes to fast muscle growth. You get lean body mass through BCAAs and have better endurance[19] while training.

Winsol

Winsol is a Winstrol alternative that’s safe to use as it doesn’t harm the body. This helps you achieve a wonderful look without the effect of water retention.

  • Legal alternative to winstrol anabolic steroid
  • Preserves lean muscle mass
  • Improves speed and agility
  • Promotes athletic performance 
  • Safe and legal to consume
  • This can lead to nausea and vomiting

CrazyBulk reviews show that Winsol is made using 100% natural ingredients to promote health and wellness. These CrazyBulk supplements help with muscle growth and strength-building naturally without the use of steroids.

As a result, you start to experience more muscle mass. The ingredients that make up Winsol include choline, safflower oil extract, acetyl-L-carnitine, wild yam root, and DMAE (a nootropic–substance enhancing brain function).

Choline is an essential nutrient and a key player when you want to gain muscle. It also plays a crucial role in other body functions,[20] including the central nervous system. The purpose of this metabolism booster pill is to encourage lipid metabolism and target chest fat. It’s also good for boosting cognitive performance that deteriorates with age.

Another ingredient in Winsol is safflower oil extract, which comes in handy when you want to lose weight. In it, conjugated linoleic acid regulates metabolisms[21] and can help prevent loss of muscle mass.

Next, CrazyBulk’s Winsol has acetyl-L-carnitine.[22] This crucial amino acid promotes fat loss while you gain muscle mass, in that the fat cells in your body release fatty acids that become useful energy in the body.

There’s also wild yam root in Winsol from CrazyBulk. This is a good source for a plant steroid known as diosgenin. Taking this plant steroid helps boost hormone production, thus increasing testosterone levels in the body. Lastly, there’s DMAE[23] suitable for improving focus and memory. These nootropic compounds are good to take as a pre-workout supplement to boost energy and improve concentration.

Clenbutrol

Clenbuterol is an illegal steroid that bodybuilders use to bulk up. Well, CrazyBulk has managed to produce Clenbutrol, a safe and legal alternative.

  • Accelerates stripping body fat
  • Boosts oxygen delivery to muscles
  • Enhances metabolism
  • Aids in gaining lean muscle
  • Increases energy levels
  • Safe alternative to clenbuterol steroid
  • Only available on CrazyBulk’s website
  • One ingredient may affect the liver

Clenbutrol is among the safe CrazyBulk supplements you can take when you want to bulk up. It’s made using safe ingredients, minus the illegal Clenbuterol steroid. The purpose of taking this supplement is to burn body fat by having it converted into energy.

In addition, this encourages more oxygen delivery to the muscles leading to a leaner physique. On top of that, you experience an increase in energy levels that come in handy during more strenuous workouts.

The ingredients you can find in Clenbutrol include vitamin B3,[24] guarana extract, bitter orange extract, and Garcinia cambogia. Vitamin B3 comes in handy when you want to lower cholesterol levels in the body. It also helps to reduce levels of abdominal fat in the body.

Next, when taking this cutting stack, you have Garcinia cambogia, which works as a carb blocker. When you take a carb blocker, it reduces the amount of fat you retain in your body. This means you can have less fat[25] on your tummy and even chest fat. The body manages to metabolize carbs at a fast rate while maintaining fat loss.

Clenbutrol is among CrazyBulk supplement stacks that contain a bitter orange extract[26] that contains synephrine. This powerful stimulant aids fat loss and is among the most popular fat burners. It’s clear why this ingredient is part of CrazyBulk products. It triggers the breaking down of fat while raising the body’s internal temperature leading to a fat-burning metabolism.

Lastly, there’s guarana extract. Many prefer this caffeine alternative because it doesn’t have similar side effects. You won’t suffer from any energy spikes and crashes when you need the most energy during workouts. Instead, the extract raises energy levels[27] to a decent level and maintains them.

Strength Supplements

Anadrole

On CrazyBulk’s website, you come across Anadrole, one of their products among their safe and legal alternatives to anabolic steroids. This supplement is part of the pro gym stack that’s 100% safe to use as you seek to gain muscle.

  • Legal and safe to use
  • Enables faster muscle recovery
  • Improves blood flow
  • Promotes lean body mass
  • Expensive
  • This can lead to drowsiness

Anadrole fits the bill if you want a safe-to-use supplement as you seek more lean muscle gains. This is among the top CrazyBulk products you can take to boost strength and increase the size of your strength gains. Plus, all the ingredients are natural.

On the ingredients list for Anadrole, you find puncture vine, whey protein concentrate, soy protein isolate, shilajit, and acetyl L-carnitine.

Puncture vine (Tribulus terrestris) can rapidly increase testosterone levels[28] in the body. This also leads to more red blood cells and better oxygen delivery to muscles since it increases the synthesis of nitric oxide.[29]

Next is whey protein concentrate,[30] which is a source of protein. The good news is the body tends to digest whey protein faster, thus delivering more amino acids to muscles.

Soy protein is another source of protein that helps promote lean muscle mass. You experience an increase in human growth hormone levels when you take soy protein.[31] As a result, you have more nitric oxide levels that promote better blood flow to your muscles.

Also, this CrazyBulk supplement has shilajit. This is an herbal substance that has been in traditional use for centuries for its health benefits. When it comes to bodybuilding supplements, shilajit lowers the time it takes for muscle recovery[32] to take place in the body.

Decaduro

Decaduro comes in handy when you need a safe and legal alternative to harmful steroids. This is among CrazyBulk’s supplements that you can take to build strength and achieve muscle gain.

  • Increases strength
  • Promotes muscle growth
  • Promotes weight loss
  • All-natural ingredients
  • Cheaper options available

Decaduro is an effective supplement that can aid you in your journey to get ripped. As you gain more strength, you can also experience huge muscle gains. This product also helps the body produce more red blood cells that you need for better oxygen flow.

You can find wild yam root, L-arginine, acetyl L-carnitine, L-citrulline, Korean ginseng, and Tribulus terrestris on the ingredients list. Starting is the wild yam root, whose purpose is to enable better nutritional absorption[33] in the body.

This product also has L-arginine, an amino acid crucial during protein synthesis. This leads to better muscle growth[34] as it promotes the release of the human growth hormone. On top of that, this product has acetyl L-carnitine that improves the delivery of oxygen[35] to your muscles.

L-citrulline is what you need when seeking more endurance during training. It also plays a crucial role in muscle recovery after intense workouts. CrazyBulk also includes Korean ginseng, that is ideal for boosting energy levels[36] leading to better performance and endurance.

Nitric-Max

Nitric Oxide Max (Nictric-Max) completes CrazyBulk’s pro gym stack. This is important to increase blood and oxygen flow to your muscles.

  • Enhances endurance
  • Boosts workout performance
  • Boosts energy levels
  • Enables better blood/oxygen flow
  • This can lead to low blood pressure

When you want to use CrazyBulk’s Nitric-Max, remember the right dosage is 2 tablets a day. Each bottle has 60 tablets and will last you 30 days.

Nitric-Max has a simple ingredient list containing calcium and L- L-arginine. L-arginine is a key player in protein synthesis and makes it easy to start seeing lean muscle gain. As for calcium,[37] it helps with muscle contraction, which in turn promotes muscle growth and power.

How Does CrazyBulk Work?

CrazyBulk works in three ways. These are the bulking, cutting, and strength stacks. These three work in unison to help you achieve a ripped physique.

CrazyBulk products promote muscle gain by increasing lean muscle mass. At the same time, you experience more fat-burning to reduce body fat. Also, you can endure more training when you take strength supplements that boost your energy levels.

CrazyBulk Reviews: What Do Real Users Say?

There are conflicting CrazyBulk reviews of bodybuilding from real users who have tried CrazyBulk supplements. 

Some CrazyBulk HGH x2 reviews state that they have been experiencing muscle gains and better energy levels after they found the supplements. Others are still working on muscle growth, but they can start to see visible gains as well.

However, some are disappointed in CrazyBulk. They state that after taking it for the recommended 2 months, they’ve experienced no gains.

Here are some customer reviews on Trustpilot:

I’ve been taking this product for two weeks now and I’ve experienced great results my lifts have gotten very intense and my energy levels are up I can move more weight that I ever could love this stuff

Zack Djedid

Right after I ordered from CrazyBulk using my new credit card, I had card fraud… other than that, I’m on week 2 of using their products and haven’t noticed much. Their ingredients aren’t completely bogus (other than their whey and pea protein in one supplement) like a lot of people claim but a few of them are underdosed. I anticipate getting some sort of result

Dallin

Final Thought: Is CrazyBulk Legit?

Many people trust CrazyBulk for its safe and legal alternatives to anabolic steroids. The good news is all of CrazyBulk products are made using natural ingredients. Scientific research backs each ingredient and documents its effects on the body.

Therefore, it’s appropriate to say that CrazyBulk is legit. It offers customers a safe and legal supplement that helps promote muscle gain while triggering fat-burning in the body.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are CrazyBulk supplements FDA-approved?

No, not all CrazyBulk Supplements are FDA-approved. While the company does have a legal right to sell these supplements, some aren’t approved, like D-Bal.

What are CrazyBulk stacks?

CrazyBulk stack is a collection of four of the most potent supplements made by the manufacturer. These include Trenorol, D-Bal, Decaduro, and Testo-Max.

How to get the most out of CrazyBulk?

The best way to get the most out of CrazyBulk is to operate consistently with a workout routine. Even as you take the supplements, engaging in frequent training is important to see more gains.

What is in CrazyBulk?

CrazyBulk is a manufacturing company that makes it legal and safe to use alternatives to anabolic steroids. These CrazyBulk supplements give you the gains without the horrible side effects of illegal steroids.

Does CrazyBulk increase my testosterone levels?

Yes, CrazyBulk contains ingredients known to increase testosterone levels in the body. A good example of this is the puncture vine.

What is the refund policy of CrazyBulk?

CrazyBulk has a 60-day money-back guarantee for unsatisfied customers. The company recommends using CrazyBulk products for 2 months to see meaningful results. 


+ 37 sources

Health Canal avoids using tertiary references. We have strict sourcing guidelines and rely on peer-reviewed studies, academic researches from medical associations and institutions. To ensure the accuracy of articles in Health Canal, you can read more about the editorial process here

  1. Pokrywka, A., Obmiński, Z., Malczewska-Lenczowska, J., Fijatek, Z., Turek-Lepa, E. and Grucza, R. (2014). Insights into Supplements with Tribulus Terrestris used by Athletes. Journal of Human Kinetics, [online] 41(1), pp.99–105. doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0037.
  2. Lampariello, L.R., Cortelazzo, A., Guerranti, R., Sticozzi, C. and Valacchi, G. (2012). The Magic Velvet Bean of Mucuna pruriens. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, [online] 2(4), pp.331–339. doi:10.1016/s2225-4110(16)30119-5.
  3. Wu, M., Liu, L., Xing, Y., Yang, S., Li, H. and Cao, Y. (2020). Roles and Mechanisms of Hawthorn and Its Extracts on Atherosclerosis: A Review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, [online] 11. doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00118.
  4. Kanaley, J.A. (2008). Growth hormone, arginine and exercise. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, [online] 11(1), pp.50–54. doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e3282f2b0ad.
  5. Usda.gov. (2022). FoodData Central. [online] Available at: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/1101631/nutrients
  6. Sudeep, H.V., Thomas, J.V. and Shyamprasad, K. (2020). A double blind, placebo-controlled randomized comparative study on the efficacy of phytosterol-enriched and conventional saw palmetto oil in mitigating benign prostate hyperplasia and androgen deficiency. BMC Urology, [online] 20(1). doi:10.1186/s12894-020-00648-9.
  7. Weiss, J. (2018). Herb–Drug Interaction Potential of Anti-Borreliae Effective Extracts from Uncaria tomentosa (Samento) and Otoba parvifolia (Banderol) Assessed In Vitro. Molecules, [online] 24(1), p.137. doi:10.3390/molecules24010137.
  8. Hajhashemi, V. and Klooshani, V. (2013). Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Urtica dioica leaf extract in animal models. Avicenna journal of phytomedicine, [online] 3(2), pp.193–200. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4075706/
  9. Heda, R., Toro, F. and Tombazzi, C.R. (2022). Physiology, Pepsin. [online] Nih.gov. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537005/
  10. Michalczyk, M.M., Gołaś, A., Maszczyk, A., Kaczka, P. and Zając, A. (2020). Influence of Sunlight and Oral D3 Supplementation on Serum 25(OH)D Concentration and Exercise Performance in Elite Soccer Players. Nutrients, [online] 12(5), p.1311. doi:10.3390/nu12051311.
  11. van Ballegooijen, A.J., Pilz, S., Tomaschitz, A., Grübler, M.R. and Verheyen, N. (2017). The Synergistic Interplay between Vitamins D and K for Bone and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Endocrinology, [online] 2017, pp.1–12. doi:10.1155/2017/7454376.
  12. Kim, K., Mills, J.L., Michels, K.A., Chaljub, E.N., Wactawski-Wende, J., Plowden, T.C. and Mumford, S.L. (2020). Dietary Intakes of Vitamin B-2 (Riboflavin), Vitamin B-6, and Vitamin B-12 and Ovarian Cycle Function among Premenopausal Women. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, [online] 120(5), pp.885–892. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2019.10.013.
  13. Pouteau, E., Kabir-Ahmadi, M., Noah, L., Mazur, A., Dye, L., Hellhammer, J., Pickering, G. and Dubray, C. (2018). Superiority of magnesium and vitamin B6 over magnesium alone on severe stress in healthy adults with low magnesemia: A randomized, single-blind clinical trial. PLOS ONE, [online] 13(12), p.e0208454. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0208454.
  14. Dunn, J. and Grider, M.H. (2022). Physiology, Adenosine Triphosphate. [online] Nih.gov. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553175/
  15. Jordan, A.N., Jurca, R., Edward Herbert Abraham and Earnest, C.P. (2004). Effects of Oral ATP Supplementation on Anaerobic Power and Muscular Strength. [online] ResearchGate. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8528047_Effects_of_Oral_ATP_Supplementation_on_Anaerobic_Power_and_Muscular_Strength
  16. Paul, G. and Mendelson, G.J. (2015). Evidence Supports the Use of Soy Protein to Promote Cardiometabolic Health and Muscle Development. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, [online] 34(sup1), pp.56–59. doi:10.1080/07315724.2015.1080531.
  17. Frestedt, J.L., Zenk, J.L., Kuskowski, M.A., Ward, L.S. and Bastian, E.D. (2008). A whey-protein supplement increases fat loss and spares lean muscle in obese subjects: a randomized human clinical study. Nutrition & Metabolism, [online] 5(1). doi:10.1186/1743-7075-5-8.
  18. Obidiegwu, J.E., Lyons, J.B. and Chilaka, C.A. (2020). The Dioscorea Genus (Yam)—An Appraisal of Nutritional and Therapeutic Potentials. Foods, [online] 9(9), p.1304. doi:10.3390/foods9091304.
  19. Kim, D.-H., Kim, S.-H., Jeong, W.-S. and Lee, H.-Y. (2013). Effect of BCAA intake during endurance exercises on fatigue substances, muscle damage substances, and energy metabolism substances. Journal of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, [online] 17(4), pp.169–180. doi:10.5717/jenb.2013.17.4.169.
  20. Zeisel, S.H. and da Costa, K.-A. (2009). Choline: an essential nutrient for public health. Nutrition Reviews, [online] 67(11), pp.615–623. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00246.x.
  21. Asp, M.L., Collene, A.L., Norris, L.E., Cole, R.M., Stout, M.B., Tang, S.-Y., Hsu, J.C. and Belury, M.A. (2011). Time-dependent effects of safflower oil to improve glycemia, inflammation and blood lipids in obese, post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-masked, crossover study. Clinical Nutrition, [online] 30(4), pp.443–449. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2011.01.001.
  22. Talenezhad, N., Mohammadi, M., Ramezani-Jolfaie, N., Mozaffari-Khosravi, H. and Salehi-Abargouei, A. (2020). Effects of l-carnitine supplementation on weight loss and body composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled clinical trials with dose-response analysis. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, [online] 37, pp.9–23. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.03.008.
  23. Dreher, M., Ehlert, T., Simon, P. and Neuberger, E.W.I. (2018). Boost Me: Prevalence and Reasons for the Use of Stimulant Containing Pre Workout Supplements Among Fitness Studio Visitors in Mainz (Germany). Frontiers in Psychology, [online] 9. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01134.
  24. Shah, T.Z., Ali, A.B., Jafri, S.A. and Qazi, M.H. (2013). Effect of Nicotinic Acid (Vitamin B3 or Niacin) on the lipid profile of diabetic and non – diabetic rats. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, [online] 29(5). doi:10.12669/pjms.295.4193.
  25. Onakpoya, I., Hung, S.K., Perry, R., Wider, B. and Ernst, E. (2011). The Use ofGarciniaExtract (Hydroxycitric Acid) as a Weight loss Supplement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials. Journal of Obesity, [online] 2011, pp.1–9. doi:10.1155/2011/509038.
  26. Stohs, S.J., Preuss, H.G. and Shara, M. (2012). A Review of the Human Clinical Studies Involving Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) Extract and its Primary Protoalkaloid p-Synephrine. International Journal of Medical Sciences, [online] 9(7), pp.527–538. doi:10.7150/ijms.4446.
  27. Moustakas, D., Mezzio, M., Rodriguez, B.R., Constable, M.A., Mulligan, M.E. and Voura, E.B. (2015). Guarana Provides Additional Stimulation over Caffeine Alone in the Planarian Model. PLOS ONE, [online] 10(4), p.e0123310. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123310.
  28. Sirotkin, A. and Kolesárová, A. (2021). Puncture vine (Tribulus Terrestris L.) in control of health and reproduction. Physiological Research, [online] pp.S657–S667. doi:10.33549/physiolres.934711.
  29. Hechtman, L. (2020). Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Textbook of Natural Medicine, [online] pp.1694-1706.e7. doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-43044-9.00209-0.
  30. Naclerio, F. and Seijo, M. (2019). Whey protein supplementation and muscle mass: current perspectives. [online] ResearchGate. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335469731_Whey_protein_supplementation_and_muscle_mass_current_perspectives
  31. Paul, G. and Mendelson, G.J. (2015). Evidence Supports the Use of Soy Protein to Promote Cardiometabolic Health and Muscle Development. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, [online] 34(sup1), pp.56–59. doi:10.1080/07315724.2015.1080531.
  32. Keller, J.L., Housh, T.J., Hill, E.C., Smith, C.M., Schmidt, R.J. and Johnson, G.O. (2019). The effects of Shilajit supplementation on fatigue-induced decreases in muscular strength and serum hydroxyproline levels. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, [online] 16(1). doi:10.1186/s12970-019-0270-2.
  33. Obidiegwu, J.E., Lyons, J.B. and Chilaka, C.A. (2020). The Dioscorea Genus (Yam)—An Appraisal of Nutritional and Therapeutic Potentials. Foods, [online] 9(9), p.1304. doi:10.3390/foods9091304.
  34. Wang, R., Jiao, H., Zhao, J., Wang, X. and Lin, H. (2018). L-Arginine Enhances Protein Synthesis by Phosphorylating mTOR (Thr 2446) in a Nitric Oxide-Dependent Manner in C2C12 Cells. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, [online] 2018, pp.1–13. doi:10.1155/2018/7569127.
  35. Mielgo-Ayuso, J., Pietrantonio, L., Viribay, A., Calleja-González, J., González-Bernal, J. and Fernández-Lázaro, D. (2021). Effect of Acute and Chronic Oral l-Carnitine Supplementation on Exercise Performance Based on the Exercise Intensity: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 13(12), p.4359. doi:10.3390/nu13124359.
  36. Ratan, Z.A., Haidere, M.F., Hong, Y.H., Park, S.H., Lee, J.-O., Lee, J. and Cho, J.Y. (2021). Pharmacological potential of ginseng and its major component ginsenosides. Journal of Ginseng Research, [online] 45(2), pp.199–210. doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2020.02.004.
  37. Kim, Y.-S., Hong, K.-W., Han, K., Park, Y.C., Park, J.-M., Kim, K. and Kim, B.-T. (2020). Longitudinal Observation of Muscle Mass over 10 Years According to Serum Calcium Levels and Calcium Intake among Korean Adults Aged 50 and Older: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Nutrients, [online] 12(9), p.2856. doi:10.3390/nu12092856.‌
Mitchelle Morgan

Medically reviewed by:

Michael DiLeo

Mitchelle Morgan is a health and wellness writer with over 10 years of experience. She holds a Master's in Communication. Her mission is to provide readers with information that helps them live a better lifestyle. All her work is backed by scientific evidence to ensure readers get valuable and actionable content.

Medically reviewed by:

Michael DiLeo

Journal of Physical Education and Sport

Trusted Source

Go to source

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online

Trusted Source

Go to source

African Journals Online

Non-profit Platform for African Journals

Trusted Source
Go to source

Journal of The American Board of Family Medicine

American Board of Family Medicine

Trusted Source
Go to source

Informit

RMIT University Library

Trusted Source
Go to source

European Food Safety Authority

Science, Safe food, Sustainability

Trusted Source
Go to source

OrthoInfo

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

Trusted Source
Go to source

American Academy of Family Physicians

Strengthen family physicians and the communities they care for

Trusted Source
Go to source

Agricultural Research Service

U.S. Department of Agriculture

Trusted Source
Go to source

The American Journal of Medicine

Official Journal of The Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine

Trusted Source
Go to source

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

Database From National Institute Of Health

Trusted Source
Go to source

Lippincott Journals

Subsidiaries of Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

Trusted Source
Go to source

National Institute on Aging

Database From National Institute Of Health

Trusted Source
Go to source

Translational Research

The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine

Trusted Source
Go to source

Cell

An All-science Publisher

Trusted Source
Go to source

Journal of Translational Medicine

BioMed Central

Part of Springer Nature
Go to source

Federal Trade Commission

Protecting America's Consumers

Trusted Source
Go to source

National Human Genome Research Institute

Database From National Institute Of Health

Trusted Source
Go to source

Food Production, Processing and Nutrition

BioMed Central

Part of Springer Nature
Go to source

BMC Gastroenterology

BioMed Central

Part of Springer Nature
Go to source

ACS Publications

A Division of The American Chemical Society

Trusted Source
Go to source

Annual Reviews

Independent, Non-profit Academic Publishing Company

Trusted Source
Go to source

PubChem

National Center for Biotechnology Information

National Library of Medicine
Go to source

PLOS Journals

Nonprofit Publisher of Open-access Journals

Trusted Source
Go to source

Thieme E-books & E-Journals

Peer-reviewed & Open Access Journal

Trusted Source
Go to source

European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences

Peer-reviewed International Journal Publishes

Trusted Source
Go to source

Royal Society of Chemistry Publishing Home

Chemical Science Journals, Books and Database

Trusted Source
Go to source

Frontiers

Publisher of Peer-reviewed Articles in Open Acess Journals

Trusted Source
Go to source

De Gruyter

German Scholarly Publishing House

Trusted Source
Go to source

Hindawi

Open Access Research Journals & Papers

Trusted Source
Go to source

Oilseeds and Fats, Crops and Lipids

EDP Sciences

Trusted Source
Go to source

Cambridge Core

Cambridge University Press

Trusted Source
Go to source

FoodData Central

U.S. Department Of Agriculture

Trusted Source
Go to source

Journal of the American Heart Association

Peer-reviewed Open Access Scientific Journal

Trusted Source
Go to source

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

The Americans with Disabilities Act

U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division

Trusted Source
Go to source

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Organization of Food and Nutrition Professionals

tr
Go to source

Sage Journals

Database From Sage Publications

Trusted Source
Go to source

National Institute of Drug Abuse

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

The ClinMed International Library

A Repository and an Open Access Publisher for Medical Research

Trusted Source
Go to source

The Royal Society Publishing

United Kingdom's National Academy of Sciences

Trusted Source
Go to source

APA PsycNet

Database From American Psychological Association

Trusted Source
Go to source

The Pharma Innovation Journal

Peer-reviewed And Refereed Journal

Trusted Source
Go to source

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development

Peer-reviewed Bimonthly Journal

Trusted Source
Go to source

British Pharmacological Society

Journals - Wiley Online Library

Trusted Source
Go to source

American Psychological Association

Scientific and Professional Organization of Psychologists

Trusted Source
Go to source

AAP Publications

Database From American Academy of Pediatrics

Trusted Source
Go to source

Karger Publishers

Academic Publisher of Scientific and Medical Journals and Books

Trusted Source
Go to source

Cambridge University Press & Assessment

Database From Cambridge University

Trusted Source
Go to source

National Institute of Mental Health

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

MDPI

Publisher of Open Access Journals

Trusted Source
Go to source

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Part of Springer Nature

Trusted Source
Go to source

The New England Journal of Medicine

Massachusetts Medical Society

Trusted Source
Go to source

Economic Research Service

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Trusted Source
Go to source

MedlinePlus

Database From National Library of Medicine

U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

National Institute of Health

An agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Trusted Source
Go to source

Trusted Source

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

The BMJ

Weekly Peer-reviewed Medical Trade Journal

The British Medical Association
Go to source

The British Psychological Society

The British Psychological Society is a charity registered in England

Database From Wiley Online Library
Go to source

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

PubMed

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S National Library of Medicine
Go to source

DailyMed

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S National Library of Medicine
Go to source

Google Scholar

Go to source

Science.gov: USA.gov for Science

Government Science Portal

Go to source

ResearchGate

Social Network Service For Scientists

Find and share research
Go to source

American Heart Association

To be a rentless force for a world of longer, healthier lives

Go to source

BioMed Central

Research in progress

Go to source

JAMA Network

Home of JAMA and the Specialty Journals of the American Medical Association

Go to source

Springer Link

Database From Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Springer - International Publisher Science, Technology, Medicine
Go to source

ODS

Database from Office of Dietary Supplements

National Institutes of Health
Go to source

Federal Trade Commission

Bureaus of Consumer Protection, Competition and Economics
Go to source

Trusted Source

Database From U.S. Department of Health & Human Services

Governmental Authority
Go to source

Oxford Academic Journals

Oxford University Press

Trusted Source
Go to source

Taylor & Francis Online

Peer-reviewed Journals

Academic Publishing Division of Informa PLC
Go to source

WHO

Database from World Health Organization

Go to source

Journal of Neurology

Peer-reviewed Medical Journal

American Academy of Neurology Journal
Go to source

ScienceDirect

Bibliographic Database of Scientific and Medical Publications

Dutch publisher Elsevier
Go to source

Wiley Online Library

American Multinational Publishing Company

Trusted Source
Go to source

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

U.S. National Public Health Agency

U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

Trusted Source

Database from U.S. National Library of Medicine

U.S. Federal Government
Go to source

U.S. Food & Drug Administration

Federal Agency

U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Go to source

PubMed Central

Database From National Institute Of Health

U.S National Library of Medicine
Go to source
Feedback

Help us rate this article

Thank you for your feedback

Keep in touch to see our improvement