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Does Metformin Cause Hair Loss? Risks And Treatments 2024
Updated on
- Written by Christine VanDoren, Nutritionist
Medically reviewed by
Jennifer Olejarz, Nutritionist & Health Coach
Hair loss is something we all worry about at some point. If you think you’re losing hair, you might be wondering what’s affecting it and how you can grow it back. One question you might have is if some diabetes medications, like metformin, are making it worse. So, does metformin cause hair loss? It’s more complex than a simple yes or no. But in this article, we’ll explore the potential connection between metformin and hair loss, plus other side effects of this prescription medication.
Can Metformin Cause Hair Loss?
Metformin is a commonly used prescription drug — but some people are concerned about a connection between the drug and hair loss.
Unfortunately, the research is limited on whether or not it has a direct link. It might even be related to vitamin deficiencies associated with long-term use of the drug.
In general, side effects of metformin include gastrointestinal issues, lactic acidosis, and a vitamin B12 deficiency.
A few effective things to try include minoxidil and hair transplants.
Does Metformin Cause Hair Loss?
So, can metformin cause hair loss? Possibly, but the connection is tenuous, and research is limited.
As a fairly common drug, metformin has been subject to many studies, but most have little interest in hair. However, one 2016 study[1] published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism found that long-term use of Metformin was associated with lower vitamin B12 levels and anemia.
Another review[2] found that a deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to hair loss. Researchers can connect the dots to a possible link between metformin and hair loss.
However, not everyone taking metformin has a vitamin B12 deficiency. Plus, not everyone with a vitamin B12 deficiency has hair loss.
If you’re taking metformin and you notice hair loss, it could be the drug or an unrelated genetic or health factor.
What Is Metformin?
Metformin is a common prescription drug for managing high blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. It’s part of a class of medications called biguanides and works by lowering the production of blood glucose in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in the body. It can reduce high blood sugar and insulin resistance.
Metformin is also sometimes prescribed for other conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome.
While metformin is generally well-tolerated, some people may experience certain side effects. These include gastrointestinal issues like nausea, diarrhea, and stomach discomfort.
However, whether metformin can cause hair loss is a topic of debate among experts.
Some of these side effects may be serious enough for some patients to look into how to stop taking metformin. Other diabetes treatments, such as following a healthy diet and taking care of your blood vessels, might have some beneficial effects. But you should always talk to a doctor about how to get off metformin or even about whether you should.
Other Side Effects Of Metformin
Gastrointestinal Issues
Metformin commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects,[3] like nausea, diarrhea, stomach discomfort, or decreased appetite. They’re usually temporary and disappear as the body adjusts to the medication.
It’s recommended to take metformin with food to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort. If the side effects persist or become severe, it’s best to consult a healthcare professional.
Lactic Acidosis
Although rare, metformin can potentially lead to a serious condition called lactic acidosis.[4] This happens when there’s a buildup of lactic acid in the blood.
Symptoms of lactic acidosis may include muscle pain or weakness, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and stomach discomfort. It’s important to seek immediate medical attention if these symptoms occur while taking Metformin, as lactic acidosis requires prompt treatment.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
As mentioned earlier, long-term use of metformin has been associated with lower levels of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is crucial for the health of hair follicles, and a deficiency can contribute to hair thinning or loss.
If you’re noticing hair loss while taking metformin, contact your doctor and ask to get your vitamin B12 levels tested. You might need supplements and some dietary changes to help your hair grow back again.
Changes In Taste
You might notice changes in taste, especially a metallic or bitter taste in your mouth. But, it’s usually temporary and should go away on its own.
If the taste changes persist or become bothersome, talk to your doctor to see if any adjustments to the medication regimen are needed.
Low Blood Sugar
This side effect isn’t directly caused by metformin hydrochloride alone, but when combined with diabetes medication, it could be an issue. You must identify symptoms of low blood sugar, so you can quickly consume a food or beverage that provides fast-acting sugar.
Symptoms of low blood sugar include hunger pains, sweating, difficulty concentrating, confusion, and fatigue.
Treatments For Hair Loss
Taking Vitamin B12
If a vitamin B12 deficiency is causing your hair loss, that’s actually great news! It’s easy to reverse by taking supplements. You can keep taking metformin, the hair growth cycle will return to normal, and you can live without compromise. Just be sure to get your levels checked with your doctor before buying any supplements.
Minoxidil Or Finasteride
Minoxidil[5] is an FDA-approved, over-the-counter topical medication that promotes hair growth. Hair growth can be stimulated and grow thicker as it increases blood flow to hair follicles. Remember to follow the instructions precisely for the best results; know it may take some time.
Finasteride[6] is an oral medication available by prescription, specifically approved for treating male pattern baldness. It inhibits the production of dihydrotestosterone, a hormone that contributes to thinning hair in people with a genetic predisposition. This product may have side effects, so consult a healthcare professional before starting use.
Either of these medications can promote hair growth and thickness — but see a doctor first to ensure you’re targeting the right problem. These are treatments for hair loss that aren’t related to Metformin.
Non-Prescription Treatments
Many companies are starting to offer unique new hair products. But they may or may not work for metformin-related hair loss. There aren’t enough people affected by Metformin and hair loss for these companies to put much research or marketing into that group in particular, but they’re certainly worth trying.
Hair Transplants
Hair transplant surgery is an extreme method for severe hair loss or baldness, and almost any other hair treatment should be considered first. This procedure involves transplanting healthy hair follicles from one body to the affected scalp area. It’s a surgical procedure that a qualified professional should perform.
Before considering hair transplant surgery, it’s important to have a thorough consultation with a specialist to discuss expected outcomes. Again, this is a last resort after other treatments failed.
When To Seek Professional Help
It can be very frustrating to determine the cause of your hair loss. At this point, you may have tried numerous different products or homemade remedies that seemed to work for others. If you feel your journey to fuller, healthier hair is not going as you like, it may be time to talk to a professional.
Also, if you have significant hair loss or are generally concerned about changes in your hair, it’s best to seek professional help. They may be able to provide you with answers in a much more efficient manner.
A dermatologist or a healthcare provider specializing in hair disorders can evaluate your condition, perform necessary tests, and provide personalized treatment recommendations.
They can also determine whether metformin is the likely cause of your hair loss and explore alternative treatment options or adjustments to your medication regimen.
Final Thought
While the connection between metformin and hair loss is not fully understood, it’s important to know the potential side effects. This includes gastrointestinal issues, a vitamin B12 deficiency, lactic acidosis, low blood sugar levels, and changes in taste.
Addressing underlying deficiencies is a great first step to take to have healthier hair. The answer to your hair problems could be just switching your diet. However, many people need to go one step further and look into medications.
Therefore, you can also consider exploring appropriate treatment options like minoxidil and hair transplants. Generally, though, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is one of the most important things contributing to overall hair health and well-being.
+ 6 sources
Health Canal avoids using tertiary references. We have strict sourcing guidelines and rely on peer-reviewed studies, academic researches from medical associations and institutions. To ensure the accuracy of articles in Health Canal, you can read more about the editorial process here
- Aroda, V.R., Edelstein, S.L., Goldberg, R.B., Knowler, W.C., Marcovina, S.M., Orchard, T.J., Bray, G.A., Schade, D.S., Temprosa, M.G., White, N.H. and Crandall, J.P. (2016). Long-term Metformin Use and Vitamin B12 Deficiency in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, [online] 101(4), pp.1754–1761. doi:https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-3754.
- Almohanna, H.M., Ahmed, A.A., Tsatalis, J.P. and Tosti, A. (2018). The Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Hair Loss: A Review. Dermatology and Therapy, [online] 9(1), pp.51–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-018-0278-6.
- Bonnet, F. and Scheen, A. (2017). Understanding and overcoming metformin gastrointestinal intolerance. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, [online] 19(4), pp.473–481. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12854.
- Blough, B., Moreland, A. and Mora, A. (2015). Metformin-Induced Lactic Acidosis with Emphasis on the Anion Gap. Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, [online] 28(1), pp.31–33. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2015.11929178.
- Medlineplus.gov. (2017). Minoxidil Topical: MedlinePlus Drug Information. [online] Available at: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a689003.html.
- Medlineplus.gov. (2022). Finasteride: MedlinePlus Drug Information. [online] Available at: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a698016.html.
Written by:
Christine VanDoren, Nutritionist
Medically reviewed by:
Medically reviewed by:
